书阅啦

手机浏览器扫描二维码访问

第15部分(第1页)

MILTON FRIEDMAN; Professor Emeritus; University of Chicago: What characterized the Chicago School was a strong belief in minimal government and an emphasis on free market as a way to control the economy。

芝加哥大学名誉教授米尔顿。弗里德曼(Milton Friedman):芝加哥学派的典型特征是强烈地认为要通过最小政府和自由市场来控制经济。

NARRATOR: Professors like Arnold Harberger and Milton Friedman taught their students to distrust state planning and government control。 When the Chicago Boys returned to Chile; they brought with them ideas that were a direct challenge to the dependency theory。

旁白:教授们,比如阿诺德。哈勃(Arnold Harberger)和米尔顿。弗里德曼(Milton Friedman),教授他们的弟子们要打破国家计划和政府控制。当芝加哥男孩们回到智利后,他们带来了直接挑战依赖理论的新思想。

ARNOLD HARBERGER: This small group stayed together through the Allende years。 And they used to meet I think every Tuesday for lunch。 And they would keep a kind of running document which said how they would reform this economy; how this economy has to be reformed; what is to be done to get out of the swamp that they were putting themselves in。

阿诺德。哈勃(Arnold Harberger):这个小团体在阿兰德(Allende)统治期间就聚在一起,好像是每周二聚一次吃午饭。他们还保留了一份连续的文献讨论稿,记载了他们论述经济改革必要性、如何进行经济改革、如何使经济走出泥潭的各种观点,他们全身心地投入到了经济救亡的工作中。

SERGIO DE CASTRO; Finance Minister; Chile; 1974…1982: Unfortunately; due to the idiosyncrasies of the military mind; the generals preferred a controlled economy; that is; an economy that would obey orders。

智利财政部长(1974…1982)塞尔吉奥。卡斯特罗(Sergio De Castro):不幸的是,由于强烈的军人思想,将军们更倾向于管理经济,即,遵守命令的经济。

NARRATOR: Javier Vial; an influential businessman sympathetic to the junta; was trying to push the military in the direction of the free market。

旁白:贾威尔。维拉(Javier Vial)是一个同情军人政府的有影响力的商人,努力推动着军人政府向自由市场转变。

JAVIER VIAL: So I called Milton Friedman and invited him to e to Chile。

贾威尔。维拉(Javier Vial):我给米尔顿。弗里德曼(Milton Friedman)打了电话,并邀请他到智利来。

NARRATOR: So Milton Friedman; the most famous free…market economist in the world; came to lecture in Chile。

旁白:于是米尔顿。弗里德曼(Milton Friedman),这位世界上最著名的自由市场经济学家,来到了智利并作了演讲。

MILTON FRIEDMAN: I went down to Chile and spent five days giving a series of lectures on the Chilean problem; particularly the problem of inflation and how they should proceed to do something about it。

米尔顿。弗里德曼(Milton Friedman):我去了智利,并用5天的时间做了一系列关于智利问题的演讲,尤其是对通货膨胀问题,还谈到了他们该采取何种制止通货膨胀的措施。

NARRATOR: Friedmans first talk was at the Catholic University。 His theme: the inescapable link between free markets and freedom。

旁白:弗里德曼(Fridman)的首次演讲是在天主大学(Catholic University),主题是:自由市场与自由的必然联系。

MILTON FRIEDMAN: The emphasis of that talk was that free markets would undermine political centralization and political control。

米尔顿。弗里德曼(Milton Friedman):那次讲座的主题是自由市场将削弱政治集权和政治操控。

ARNOLD HARBERGER: He said that that you cannot have a repressive government for long within a genuinely free economic system。

阿诺德。哈勃(Arnold Harberger):他说,在一个真正的自由经济体系中,不能有一个长期专制的政府。

NARRATOR: But Friedman was also persuaded to visit the grim conference center from which Pinochet ruled Chile。 Friedman told Pinochet that he needed to take decisive and immediate action to defeat inflation。

旁白:但弗里德曼(Fridman)也被说服,去参观了皮诺切特藉以统治智利的冷酷的会议中心。弗里德曼对皮诺切特讲,他必须立即采取果断的措施来制止通货膨胀。

JAVIER VIAL: Friedman says: ";Well; Im going to give you an example。 If you cut the tail to a dog in pieces; step by step you will kill the dog。 This is the same as inflation。 You have to cut it at once; and then the country will start moving。";

贾威尔。维拉(Javier Vial):弗里德曼,“好吧,我给你举个例子,假如你一段一段地剁一条狗的尾巴,慢慢地你就会杀死这条狗,通货膨胀也是一样的,你必须立即遏制它,整个国家经济才会开始动起来。

ARNOLD HARBERGER: Miltons presence probably helped to stiffen the spine of people who were trying to insist on better economic policies。 Thats the period when the takeoff of the Chilean economy really began and major reforms were made。

阿诺德。哈勃(Arnold Harberger):米尔顿的到来的确使那些坚决要求更好的经济政策的人们腰杆子挺了起来,正是在这一时期,智利经济真正开始好转了,许多重大改革相继出台。

NARRATOR: In Santiago; the junta called on the Chicago Boys to rescue the economy。 Five hundred state…owned businesses were privatized。 Government budgets were cut。 Import tariffs were swept away。 The markets were given free rein。

旁白:在圣地亚哥,军政府号召芝加哥男孩来拯救经济。于是,他们对500家国有企业实现了私有化,政府预算被大量削减,进口关税被取消了,市场又恢复了自由。

SERGIO DE CASTRO: The basic thrust was to increase exports and abolish artificial price controls。

塞尔吉奥。卡斯特罗(Sergio De Castro):基本的措施是要增加出口,并抛弃人为的价格控制。

MILTON FRIEDMAN: Here was the first case in which you had a movement toward munism which was replaced by a movement toward free markets。

米尔顿。弗里德曼(Milton Friedman):这是第一个共产主义运动被自由市场运动所取代的实例。

NARRATOR: There was much pain for the poorest。 The cost of living went through the roof。 The gap between rich and poor got wider; and stayed that way。

旁白:最贫困的人承受了深重的痛苦,生活成本与日俱增,贫富差距日益扩大,并且还在继续扩大。

ALEJANDRO FOXLEY; Finance Minister; Chile; 1990…1994: They were starting a very big process of transformation of the economy without any regard of what happened to people。 And we ended up at one point in time with 30 percent unemployment rate。

历代兴衰演义  开发次元世界  笑论兵戈  世界悬疑经典小说  唐逸世界第一丧尸王  笑傲江湖之大漠狂刀  源氏物语  对抗游戏  英雄无敌之十二翼天使  虹彩六号  基督山伯爵  落蕊重芳  终极炮灰  洛丽塔  重生都市仙尊  我家后院有座神山  老子传  上元初遇误终身  南非斗士曼德拉  乙绯散文全集  

热门小说推荐
都市寻艳录

都市寻艳录

身世坎坷历经沧桑人间情意究竟为何物?妈妈是什么?奶奶是什么?姑姑婶婶又是什么?也许,都是女人罢了。你们给了我们生活的必须,但是她们没有给我们家庭的温暖,因此从理智上我们应该感激你们的,可是感情上很多时候是会出现偏差的。我喜欢熟女喜欢年龄稍大的女人当然是女人我都会喜欢当然是那种好女人...

全能武侠系统

全能武侠系统

小医生蒋飞,正因为诊所生意太差而考虑关门大吉时,却意外被游戏人物附身,从此变得无所不能。不仅医术出神入化,生死人肉白骨,从阎王爷手中抢命就连厨艺琴艺园艺宠物驯养都全部精通!当别人以为这就是蒋飞全部本事时,蒋飞却笑眯眯地将目光看向了那一本本武学秘籍降龙十八掌六脉神剑北冥神功独孤九剑...

时空冒险传奇

时空冒险传奇

我是空间的旅人,时间的行者我追逐真理,寻觅起源我行走诸天,求真万界我是传道者,亦是冒险家。另外,我真的很凶,超凶(看封面)!声明1本书尽量走合理认知世界的路线,有自己的观点设定,不喜勿扰!声明2本书中的内容并不真科学,并不全合理,因为没有实际基础,纯属作者菌的蘑菇想法,作者也写不出全无bug的小说。...

大小姐的近身狂医

大小姐的近身狂医

左手生,右手死,他是阎罗在世!美人在怀,佳人在抱,他是情圣重生!一个初入都市的江湖少年,凭借逆天医术,从此纵横都市,逍遥花丛!...

天才杂役

天才杂役

吕诚,十五岁之前一直没能修炼出内劲,只能当杂役。但他从小喜欢夜视星空,十年时间,让他的眉心处出现别人所没有的感应力,能让他感知周围的一切事务,并且修炼出内劲,踏入武者行列。从此,这个普通的杂役进阶为天才武者。学心法,进展神速练武技,无师能自通易容变声,惟妙惟肖。在这个武者为尊的世界,最终一步步成为睥睨天下的至尊...

超神妖孽

超神妖孽

神界第一高手,有‘贱神’之称的云飞扬被镇压万载,破土重生,痛定思痛,梦想收尽天下各色美女!泡妞,我是认真的。云飞扬道。姑娘,你愿意嫁给我?清纯可爱邻家女刁蛮任性大小姐成熟妩媚女导师冷若冰山大师姐腹黑毒辣女魔头,这些,统统是我云飞扬的女人!妖孽群529642893...

每日热搜小说推荐